The Functional Links Between Language and Motor Activity
摘要截稿:
全文截稿: 2019-10-15
影响因子: 2.508
期刊难度:
CCF分类: 无
中科院JCR分区:
• 大类 : 心理学 - 3区
• 小类 : 神经科学 - 3区
• 小类 : 心理学:实验 - 3区
Overview
The relationship between linguistic and motor activity has a long history, possibly from the initial observation that a deficit in strength of the right half of the body was associated with a language disorder. In apraxia, Liepmann remarked on a dissociation between both ‘faculties’ with a subject who had no motor deficit on the left side of the body following lesions to the forebrain but was all the same unable to perform a gesture following a verbal command. Apraxia (or dyspraxia) was interpreted not only as the inability to simulate an action, but also as the loss of the semantic aspects of a propositional gesture. Current work on this topic is still a reflection of that particular understanding of this relationship.
Functionally, it has been proposed that language is a trigger of motor simulation, and this in turn is the expression of the semantic content of action. Some have suggested that the involuntary motor activity generated by language is the expression of the involuntary simulation of the action —and consequently a by-product of the semantic meaning of the evoked word. A negative phrase fails to elicit the motor activity generated in the affirmative; this would indicate that the context in which linguistic information is embedded plays an important role in the modulation of action. Motor activity has also been evoked as a useful facilitator of linguistic learning and both function as an essential agency for empathy between individuals as well as in understanding the behaviour of other people.
Neurons that are activated at the same time tend to work together. This is known as the theory of cell assembly proposed by Hebb. The functional links between neurons triggered during language and motor activity could reflect this proposition. An anatomo-functional model has also been put forward to account for the relationship between language and motor action. This circuit would include V1 and vision association areas, A1 and Wernicke regions, AIP, B6, Broca and M1. The circuit would encompass a system of neurons with mirroring behaviour. This is of conceptual relevance for learning theories since motor skills may well contribute to language comprehension. Tactile afference has recently been included in the comprehension of language, which also extends S1 in this circuit, thus allowing for a better understanding of sensorimotor coupling and the important role of mirror neurons.
Electrophysiological correlates between language and motricity have been demonstrated. The detection of early event related potential (p200) triggered by language associated with motor action highlights an interesting breakthrough in the burgeoning field of Brain Computer Interface.
In short, this special issue aims to bring together the latest results by researchers and clinicians from allied disciplines in neuroscience, linguistics, computer science and psychology with the objective of furthering our reflections and knowledge about the interaction between motor and linguistic activity.
Review papers, experimental studies are welcome. All papers must address an aspect of the interaction between brain issues (networks, functional or structural anatomy, brain processes) and language or speech functions. Contributors should clearly indicate that the submitted manuscript is to be considered for publication in this special issue. Deadline for submission of manuscripts is October 15, 2019.
Authors are requested to submit their manuscripts in EVISE by selecting “VSI: Functional Links” as the "Article Type".